Bulletin of Earthquake Science and Engineering

Bulletin of Earthquake Science and Engineering

Evaluation Damage Index of Steel Moment frames by Considering the Effects of Soil-Structure Interaction under Seismic Sequence

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Alireza Karkabadi 1
Mohammad Iman Khodakarami 2
Farzaneh Nabati 3
1 M.Sc. Student in Earthquake Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
3 Ph.D. Candidate of Earthquake Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
10.48303/bese.2021.245994
Abstract
1. Abstract
One of the main targets in designing structures is achieving adequate level of inter-story drift and ductility for controlling damage level. When a structure is subjected to sequential earthquakes, damage control becomes more critical. This seismic sequence as a result of the occurrence of strong and moderate earthquake ground motion in a short time strongly affects the seismic response of structures. Studies revealed that variation in the seismic responses such as displacement, ductility, absorbed energy etc. cause modifications in structural damage states. A damage index can numerically quantify the structural damage of buildings. Several damage indices have been developed for evaluating the seismic performance of structures.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of seismic sequence of earthquake ground motion on the damage indexes variation and the seismic performance of steel moment frame structures considering soil-structure interaction (SSI). For the present work, the drift damage index is selected for measuring the story damage due to the inter-story drift. This index has been calculated by performing the nonlinear time-history analysis on a set of selected group of steel frames subjected to selected seismic excitations and sequential earthquakes.
2. Methodology
To this end, four steel moment frames with 8 and 16 stories are considered each of which three and six bays have. Soil-structure-interaction is considered by employing dampers and springs having specified damping and stiffness through cone method. For modeling SSI effects, three types of soil based on Standard 2800 are considered. For each soil-structure model, different responses are measured under different scenarios of sequential earthquakes.
3. Results and Discussion
The results of time-history analysis show that the relative displacement of the structure and inter-story drift are increased when the structure is subjected to the seismic sequence. As a result, the drift damage index induced to the structure. The study findings demonstrate as soil becomes softer, the structural demands increases and consequently the damage index rises and SSI amplified the structural damage level. Therefore, frames built on soft soil subjected to sequential earthquakes experienced more damages.
4. Conclusions
The obtained responses show that a special attention should be paid for designing of steel structures due to the preventing extensive structural damage in high seismic zone when they are subjected to seismic sequence excitation. Furthermore, soil-structure-interaction is an important parameter that should be considered for such conditions. Therefore, it is recommended that the effects of seismic sequence and soil-structure-interaction should be accounted for better estimation and evaluated accurate responses of steel shear frame.
Keywords
Seismic Sequence
Soil-Structure Interaction
Steel Frame
Frequency Content
Damage Index
Nonlinear Time History Analysis

Subjects

  1. Vahdani, R., Bitarafan, M., and Khodakarami, M.I. (2016) Effect of the soil-structure interaction on performance assessment of the energy-based cumulative damage index in concrete reinforced frames. Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (JSCE), 3(3), 16-29 (in Persian).
  2. Tasnimi, A. and Pazoki, M. (2017) Assessment of the park- ang damage index for performance levels of RC moment resisting frames. Modares Civil Engineering Journal, 17(1), 43-53 (in Persian).
  3. Zhai, C.H., Zheng, Z., Li, S., and Xie, L.L. (2015) Seismic analyses of a RCC building under mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 74, 46-55.
  4. Hatzivassiliou, M. and Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. (2015) Seismic sequence effects on three-dimensional reinforced concrete buildings. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 72, 77-88.
  5. Han, R., Li, Y., and van de Lindt, J. (2015) Impact of aftershocks and uncertainties on the seismic evaluation of non-ductile reinforced concrete frame buildings. Engineering Structures, 100, 149-163.
  6. Fragiacomo, M., Amadio, C., and Macorini, L. (2004) Seismic response of steel frames under repeated earthquake ground motions. Engineering Structures, 26(13), 2021-2035.
  7. Faisal, A., Majid, T.A., and Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. (2013) Investigation of story ductility demands of inelastic concrete frames subjected to repeated earthquakes. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 44, 42-53.
  8. Ruiz-García, J., Marín, M.V., and Terán-Gilmore, A. (2014) Effect of seismic sequences in reinforced concrete frame buildings located in soft-soil sites. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 63, 56-68.
  9. Raheem, S.E.A., Ahmed, M.M., and Alazrak, T.M. (2015) Evaluation of soil–foundation–structure interaction effects on seismic response demands of multi-story MRF buildings on raft foundations. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, 7(1), 11-30.
  10. Veletsos, A.S. and Tang, Y. (1990) Soil‐structure interaction effects for laterally excited liquid storage tanks. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 19(4), 473-496.
  11. Farajian, M., Khodakarami, M.I., and Kontoni, D.P.N. (2017) Evaluation of soil-structure interaction on the seismic response of liquid storage tanks under earthquake ground motions. Computation, 5(1), 17.
  12. Saadeghvaziri, M.A., Yazdani-Motlagh, A.R., and Rashidi, S. (2000) Effects of soil–structure interaction on longitudinal seismic response of MSSS bridges. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 20(1-4), 231-242.
  13. Mylonakis, G. and Gazetas, G. (2000) Seismic soil-structure interaction: beneficial or detrimental? Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 4(3), 277-301.
  14. Shakib, H. and Atefatdoost, G.R. (2011) Effect of soil-structure interaction on torsional response of asymmetric wall type systems. Procedia Engineering, 14, 1729-1736.
  15. Eser, M., Aydemir, C., and Ekiz, I. (2011) Effects of soil structure interaction on strength reduction factors. Procedia Engineering, 14, 1696-1704.
  16. Building and Housing Research Center (BHRC) (2014) Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings, Standard No. 2800, 4th Edition (in Persian).
  17. Building and Housing Research Center (BHRC) (2013) Iranian National Building Code, Part 6: Minimum Design Loads for Buildings (in Persian).
  18. Building and Housing Research Center (BHRC) (2013) Iranian National Building Code, Part 6: Design of Steel Structures (in Persian).
  19. Livaoglu, R. (2008) Investigation of seismic behavior of fluid–rectangular tank–soil/foundation systems in frequency domain. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 28(2), 132-146.
  20. PEER Ground Motions Database (2012) ⟨http:// peer.berkeley.edu/peer_ground_motion_database⟩.
  21. Management and Planning Organization (MPO) of Iran (2007) Instruction for Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, Monograph No. 360. Office of Deputy for Technical Affairs, MPO (in Persian).
  22. Raychowdhury, P. and Ray-Chaudhuri, S. (2015) Seismic response of nonstructural components supported by a 4-story SMRF: Effect of nonlinear soil-structure interaction. Structures, 3, 200-210.
  23. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Liolios, A.A. (2010) Nonlinear behaviour of RC frames under repeated strong ground motions. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 30(10), 1010-1025.
  24. Chopra, A.K. (2005) Dynamics of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering. Tsinghua University Press.
  25. Federal Emergency Management Agency and National Institute of Building Sciences (2006b) Multi-Hazard Loss Estimation Methodology, HAZUS-MH MR2 Technical Manual. Prepared for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington DC, United States, 727 p.
  26. ASCE/SEI 41-06 (2007) Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings. American Society of Civil Engineers.

  • Receive Date 09 August 2018
  • Revise Date 14 February 2021
  • Accept Date 11 May 2021