A New Model for Assessing System Performance and Resilience of Traditional Bazaars against Earthquake; Case Study: Tabriz Historical Bazaar

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Candidate, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), Tehran, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Risk Management Research Center, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Traditional bazaars, as cultural and economic centers of historical cities, are among the most vulnerable urban
fabrics in Iran. Therefore, natural hazards may destroy historical and cultural assets in these areas, disrupt the
business of many people and cause significant casualties and economic loss. Considering that such bazaars have
many differences with other urban fabrics, thus, applying conventional risk and resilience assessment methods for
measuring the resilience of traditional bazaars may not provide appropriate results, and new models should be
developed for resilience assessment in such urban fabrics. Accordingly, in this paper, a new model to estimate the
system performance of these urban fabrics that have historic and commercial value against earthquakes is
introduced. The proposed model provides a comprehensive approach based on the system performance to be used in
earthquake resilience assessment of traditional bazaars. For this purpose, some indicators related to different
dimensions of earthquake resilience were classified into physical, economic, social and organizational dimensions,
based on the relevant scholarly articles. In addition, a new aspect entitled the cultural-historical dimension (which is
very important in assessment of the resilience of traditional bazaars) was introduced, and indicators related to this
dimension were also added to the framework. Then, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted to assess the
weights of parameters and their relevant indicators. Finally, the new model was developed based on integration of
different parameters and indicators considered their weights and values.
In order to test the applicability of the proposed method, Tabriz Traditional Bazaar (as a World Heritage) was
selected as case study and the overall system performance of this bazaar against earthquakes has been calculated.
For this purpose, the values of different dimensions and indicators were integrated based on their weights. By
calculating the average of the total performance at each section, the total performance of Tabriz bazaar was
estimated to be 54%. This shows that currently the bazaar does not have good condition and in case of an
earthquake, different physical damage, socio-economic loss and cultural consequences are expected and recovery
needs a long time. By using this model, the effectiveness of different interventions in the bazaar for improving
resilience can be also estimated. This will help decision makers to implement the most efficient approaches to
reduce the potential impacts of earthquake in this bazaar and select the areas for intervention based on cost - benefit
analysis. The proposed model can be utilized in similar old urban fabrics in other cities, after calibrating the
parameters and their weights based on local conditions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 11 February 2022
  • Revise Date: 01 April 2022
  • Accept Date: 19 April 2022

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